べらぼう
べらぼう
na-adjective, adverb
ridiculously; absurdly (Edo dialect origin)
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | べらぼう | べらぼわない |
| Present polite | べらぼいます | べらぼいません |
| Past | べらぼった | べらぼわなかった |
| Past polite | べらぼいました | べらぼいませんでした |
| て form | べらぼって | べらぼわなくて |
| ている present | べらぼっている | べらぼっていない |
| ている polite | べらぼっています | べらぼっていません |
| ている past | べらぼっていた | べらぼっていなかった |
| ている past polite | べらぼっていました | べらぼっていませんでした |
| Conditional ば | べらぼえば | べらぼわなければ |
| Conditional たら | べらぼったら | べらぼわなかったら |
| Volitional | べらぼおう | — |
| Volitional polite | べらぼいましょう | — |
| Potential | べらぼえる | べらぼえない |
| Passive | べらぼわれる | べらぼわれない |
| Causative | べらぼわせる | べらぼわせない |
| Imperative | べらぼえ | べらぼうな |
1.
ridiculously; absurdly; outrageously
Expresses that something is extreme, unreasonable, or beyond normal bounds.
べらぼうに高い。
It's ridiculously expensive.
べらぼうな値段だ。
That's an absurd price.
あの店はべらぼうに量が多い。
That restaurant serves ridiculously large portions.
2.
idiot; fool (archaic)
Originally a word meaning fool or simpleton, now mostly used as an intensifier.
べらぼうめ!
You fool!
このべらぼうが!
You idiot!
時代劇で「べらぼうめ」というセリフをよく聞く。
You often hear the line 'berabou-me' in period dramas.
ORIGIN:
Edo (江戸) dialect, originating from the Tokyo area during the Edo period. べらぼう was originally an insult meaning "fool."
ETYMOLOGY:
Several theories exist:
- From a deformed person named 便良坊 (Benrabō) displayed as a sideshow attraction
- From べら棒 meaning "smooth stick" (implying someone empty-headed)
MODERN USAGE:
Mostly used as an intensifier meaning "ridiculously" or "outrageously." The original sense of "fool" is archaic and mainly appears in period dramas or traditional rakugo stories.
SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS:
- とんでもない - outrageous
- 馬鹿げた - absurd
- 途方もない - extraordinary
CULTURAL NOTE:
べらぼうめ! is a stereotypical exclamation associated with Edo-period commoners and is often heard in historical dramas (時代劇).
Related Words
Synonym:
とんでもない (outrageous)