()

きく
verb (godan)
to hear, to listen, to ask
See also: () (be effective), () (be effective (利)), ()こえる (can be heard)
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present()()かない
Present polite()きます()きません
Past()いた()かなかった
Past polite()きました()きませんでした
て form()いて()かなくて
ている present()いている()いていない
ている polite()いています()いていません
ている past()いていた()いていなかった
ている past polite()いていました()いていませんでした
Conditional ば()けば()かなければ
Conditional たら()いたら()かなかったら
Volitional()こう
Volitional polite()きましょう
Potential()ける()けない
Passive()かれる()かれない
Causative()かせる()かせない
Imperative()()くな
1. to hear
To perceive sound, whether intentionally or not. The sound reaches your ears.
I can hear a voice.
I've heard that story before.
It's something I heard from a friend.
I couldn't sleep because I heard music coming from the next room.
2. to listen
To actively pay attention to sounds, especially music or speech. 音楽(おんがく)()く (to listen to music).
I listen to music.
ラジオ()いている。
I'm listening to the radio.
Please listen carefully to what the teacher says.
Listen to me.
Every morning I eat breakfast while listening to the news.
3. to ask
To ask a question or inquire about something. (みち)()く (to ask for directions).
ちょっと()いていい?
Can I ask you something?
(みち)()く。
I ask for directions.
May I ask your name?
Let me ask the teacher.
If there's anything you don't understand, please don't hesitate to ask.

TRANSITIVITY: 他動詞(たどうし) (transitive). No pair verb. Pattern: X()く (hear/listen to/ask X) or X()く (ask X [person]).

ASPECT: ている indicates ongoing action. ()いている = 'is listening' or 'is asking.'

COMMON PATTERNS:

Covers hearing, listening, AND asking. ()く emphasizes careful listening.