聞(き)く

きく
verb (godan)
to hear, to listen, to ask
他動詞 transitivecommunicationsense
See also: 効(き)く (be effective), 利(き)く (be effective (利)), 聞(き)こえる (can be heard)
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present聞(き)く聞(き)かない
Present polite聞(き)きます聞(き)きません
Past聞(き)いた聞(き)かなかった
Past polite聞(き)きました聞(き)きませんでした
て form聞(き)いて聞(き)かなくて
ている present聞(き)いている聞(き)いていない
ている polite聞(き)いています聞(き)いていません
ている past聞(き)いていた聞(き)いていなかった
ている past polite聞(き)いていました聞(き)いていませんでした
Conditional ば聞(き)けば聞(き)かなければ
Conditional たら聞(き)いたら聞(き)かなかったら
Volitional聞(き)こう—
Volitional polite聞(き)きましょう—
Potential聞(き)ける聞(き)けない
Passive聞(き)かれる聞(き)かれない
Causative聞(き)かせる聞(き)かせない
Imperative聞(き)け聞(き)くな
1. to hear
To perceive sound, whether intentionally or not. The sound reaches your ears.
Hearing the birds, I feel that spring is here.
I've heard that story before.
I heard that news this morning.
It's something I heard from a friend.
I was surprised to hear that he had gotten married.
2. to listen
To actively pay attention to sounds, especially music or speech. 音楽(おんがく)を聞(き)く (to listen to music).
音楽(おんがく)を聞(き)く。
I listen to music.
ラジオを聞(き)いている。
I'm listening to the radio.
Please listen carefully to what the teacher says.
Listen to me.
Every morning I eat breakfast while listening to the news.
3. to ask
To ask a question or inquire about something. 道(みち)を聞(き)く (to ask for directions).
ちょっと聞(き)いてもいい?
Can I ask you something?
道(みち)を聞(き)く。
I ask for directions.
May I ask your name?
Let me ask the teacher.
If there's anything you don't understand, please don't hesitate to ask.

Transitivity: 他動詞(たどうし) (transitive). No pair verb. Pattern: Xを聞(き)く (hear/listen to/ask X) or Xに聞(き)く (ask X [person]).

Aspect: ている indicates ongoing action. 聞(き)いている = 'is listening' or 'is asking.'

Common patterns

Covers hearing, listening, AND asking. 聴(き)く emphasizes careful listening.