1.
firmly, resolutely, decisively
With firm determination and without wavering. Used to emphasize that an action or stance is taken with absolute resolve, especially in the face of opposition.
断固拒否する。
I firmly refuse.
政府は断固とした態度で対応した。
The government responded with a resolute stance.
不正に対しては断固として立ち向かわなければならない。
We must stand firmly against injustice.
USAGE:
断固 emphasizes unwavering resolve. It often appears in formal or official contexts — government statements, declarations of intent, or situations requiring strong will. Two forms are common:
- 断固 + verb: 断固拒否する
- 断固として + verb/adjective: 断固とした態度
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 断固拒否する: to firmly refuse
- 断固反対する: to firmly oppose
- 断固とした態度: a resolute attitude
- 断固として譲らない: to refuse to yield
SIMILAR WORDS:
- 毅然と: with firm dignity (emphasizes composure)
- 断固: firmly, resolutely (emphasizes determination)
- 断然: definitely, by far (different meaning — see separate entry)