書面(しょめん)

しょめん
noun
written document, in writing
formalwrittenlegalbusinesscommunication
1. written document, letter, in writing
A document or communication in written form. Emphasizes that something is put down in writing rather than communicated orally. Used in formal, legal, and business contexts.
書面(しょめん)で回答(かいとう)する。
To respond in writing.
契約(けいやく)は書面(しょめん)で交(か)わす必要(ひつよう)がある。
Contracts need to be exchanged in writing.
申(もう)し込(こ)みの際(さい)には必(かなら)ず書面(しょめん)による同意(どうい)を得(え)てください。
When applying, please be sure to obtain written consent.

Usage

A formal term used in legal, business, and official contexts. The key pattern 書面(しょめん)で means 'in writing' and contrasts with 口頭(こうとう)で (orally). Also used as a modifier: 書面(しょめん)による (by means of writing).

Common collocations

Related Words

Antonym: 口頭(こうとう) (oral, verbal)
general
Added 2026.2.23 15:33 · Revised 2026.9.4 21:29
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