1.
family crest; family emblem
A hereditary emblem used to identify a Japanese family, clan, or household. Originating in the Heian period, family crests feature stylized designs based on plants, animals, geometric shapes, or other motifs. They appear on formal clothing, tombstones, and traditional items.
Usage: 家紋 are found on formal kimono (紋付), gravestones, 提灯 (paper lanterns), and family-owned items. Common motifs include 桐 (paulownia), 菊 (chrysanthemum), and 梅 (plum blossom).
Historically, samurai families used 家紋 to identify themselves on the battlefield. Today, they are most commonly seen at weddings, funerals, and other formal ceremonies.