1.
polyhedron (geometry)
A three-dimensional solid whose surface consists of flat polygonal faces joined at straight edges and sharp corners (vertices). A standard term from geometry.
正多面体は五つある。
There are five regular polyhedra.
サイコロは立方体という多面体だ。
A die is a polyhedron called a cube.
この問題では、多面体の表面積を計算する。
In this problem, we calculate the surface area of a polyhedron.
美術館の中央には、ガラスでできた巨大な多面体の彫刻が置かれていた。
In the center of the museum stood a huge polyhedron sculpture made of glass.
Composed of 多 (many) + 面 (face, surface) + 体 (body, solid) — literally "many-faced solid." A technical term from geometry that refers to any solid with flat polygonal faces.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 正多面体: regular polyhedron (Platonic solid)
- 多面体の頂点: vertex of a polyhedron
- 多面体の辺: edge of a polyhedron
- 多面体の面: face of a polyhedron
- 多面体の体積: volume of a polyhedron
RELATED TERMS:
- 立方体: cube — a regular polyhedron with six square faces
- 四面体: tetrahedron — a polyhedron with four triangular faces
- 八面体: octahedron — a polyhedron with eight faces
- 十二面体: dodecahedron — a polyhedron with twelve faces
- 二十面体: icosahedron — a polyhedron with twenty faces
USAGE:
The word is used in classrooms, textbooks, and technical writing about mathematics, crystallography, and computer graphics. In casual descriptions of shapes, Japanese speakers more often refer to the specific shape (e.g., サイコロ型, cube-shaped) rather than using the umbrella word 多面体.