重過失(じゅうかしつ)

じゅうかしつ
noun
gross negligence
formallegallaw
1. gross negligence
A legal term for a serious failure of care that goes well beyond ordinary 過失(かしつ) (ordinary negligence). Used in civil and criminal law to denote a degree of carelessness so extreme that it borders on intent. Often the threshold above which liability cannot be disclaimed by contract.
重過失(じゅうかしつ)が認(みと)められた。
Gross negligence was found.
重過失(じゅうかしつ)による事故(じこ)は保険(ほけん)が適用(てきよう)されない場合(ばあい)がある。
Accidents caused by gross negligence may not be covered by insurance.
裁判所(さいばんしょ)は、安全(あんぜん)確認(かくにん)を怠(おこた)った運転手(うんてんしゅ)に重過失(じゅうかしつ)があったと判断(はんだん)した。
The court determined that the driver, who neglected to check for safety, was guilty of gross negligence.

Compound of 重(じゅう) (heavy, grave) + 過失(かしつ) (negligence). A specialized legal term distinguishing extreme carelessness from ordinary negligence; the boundary matters because liability disclaimers and certain insurance coverages do not apply in cases of 重過失(じゅうかしつ).

Common collocations

  • 重過失(じゅうかしつ)致死(ちし): gross negligence resulting in death (a criminal charge)
  • 重過失(じゅうかしつ)致傷(ちしょう): gross negligence resulting in injury
  • 重過失(じゅうかしつ)が認(みと)められる: to be found guilty of gross negligence

Similar / related words

  • 過失(かしつ): (ordinary) negligence — the broader, baseline level of carelessness
  • 軽過失(けいかしつ): slight negligence — the opposite end of the spectrum
  • 故意(こい): intent; willfulness — distinguished from negligence; intentional wrongdoing is a separate category

Related Words

Compare: 故意(こい) (intent)
general
Added 2026.5.11 16:05 · Revised 2026.9.2 13:02
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