むさ苦しい
むさくるしい
adjective-i
squalid; stuffy and shabby; cramped and dingy
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | むさ苦しい | むさ苦しくない |
| Past | むさ苦しかった | むさ苦しくなかった |
| て form | むさ苦しくて | むさ苦しくなくて |
| Adverbial | むさ苦しく | — |
| Conditional ば | むさ苦しければ | むさ苦しくなければ |
| Conditional たら | むさ苦しかったら | むさ苦しくなかったら |
1.
squalid; stuffy and shabby; cramped and dingy
Describes a place, or a person's appearance, that is dirty, cramped, and unpleasantly stuffy — shabby and uninviting. Often used self-deprecatingly of one's own home.
むさ苦しい部屋ですみません。
Sorry for the shabby room.
男ばかりでむさ苦しい。
It's all men, so it feels stuffy and shabby.
むさ苦しい格好のまま来客に会ってしまった。
I ended up meeting the visitor while still looking scruffy.
Describes shabby, cramped, stuffy dinginess — of a room, a crowd, or a person's unkempt look. Often used self-deprecatingly, as in むさ苦しい所ですが (a humble set phrase when inviting someone into one's home).
FORMS:
- Adverbial: むさ苦しく
- Negative: むさ苦しくない
- Past: むさ苦しかった
SIMILAR WORDS:
- 汚らしい: filthy-looking — emphasizes dirtiness
- むさ苦しい adds cramped, stuffy shabbiness rather than dirt alone