未満(みまん)

みまん
noun, suffix
less than, under
1. less than, under, below
Not reaching a specified number or amount; strictly less than (not including the number itself).
18歳(さい)未満(みまん)は入場(にゅうじょう)できません。
Those under 18 cannot enter.
18 is NOT included
予算(よさん)は100万円(まんえん)未満(みまん)に抑(おさ)えたい。
I want to keep the budget under 1 million yen.
従業員(じゅうぎょういん)50人(にん)未満(みまん)の会社(かいしゃ)は対象外(たいしょうがい)です。
Companies with fewer than 50 employees are not eligible.

未満(みまん) means 'less than' and does NOT include the number itself. This is important in legal and official contexts.

Contrast:

  • 10未満(みまん) = less than 10 (9 or below)
  • 10以下(いか) = 10 or less (10 or below)
  • 10以上(いじょう) = 10 or more (10 or above)
  • 10を超(こ)える = exceeding 10 (11 or above)

Mathematical meaning:

  • 未満(みまん) corresponds to < (strictly less than)
  • 以下(いか) corresponds to ≤ (less than or equal to)

Common usage:

  • Age restrictions: 20歳(さい)未満(みまん)
  • Price limits: 1000円(えん)未満(みまん)
  • Quantity thresholds: 100人(にん)未満(みまん)

Related Words

Contrast: 以下(いか) (or less)
general
Added 2026.1.13 20:59 · Revised 2026.2.4 22:23
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