1.
fat, grease
Animal fat or body oil.
Writing
- 脂: fat and grease from animals and the human body (the fat on meat, lard, skin oil); usually solid or sticky
- 油: oil from plants, minerals, or petroleum; usually liquid
Both are read あぶら; the kanji reflects the source.
Common patterns
- 脂がのる: to be fatty/well-marbled (desirable for fish and meat)
- 脂っこい: greasy, oily (often negative)
- 顔の脂: facial oil/sebum