1.
flood, inundation
An overflow of water that submerges land which is usually dry, often caused by heavy rain, river overflow, or dam failure.
洪水 refers to large-scale flooding, typically caused by heavy rain, river overflow, or typhoons.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 洪水が起きる: a flood occurs
- 洪水被害: flood damage
- 洪水警報: flood warning
- 洪水に見舞われる: to be hit by a flood
- 洪水ハザードマップ: flood hazard map
RELATED TERMS:
- 氾濫: overflow, flooding (often of rivers)
- 浸水: inundation (water entering buildings)
- 堤防: levee, embankment
- 大雨: heavy rain
CULTURAL NOTE:
Japan experiences frequent flooding during the 梅雨 (rainy season) and 台風 (typhoon) season. 洪水ハザードマップ are widely distributed by local governments.