(くじゅう)

くじゅう
noun
anguish; bitter struggle
formalwrittenemotion
1. anguish; bitter struggle; painful difficulty
A state of deep distress or painful difficulty when facing a hard decision or situation. Often describes the tortured deliberation involved in making an unpleasant choice.
I made an agonizing decision.
The president announced the layoffs with a pained expression.
I was forced to make the painful choice of closing a business I had run for many years.

A compound of () (bitterness, suffering) and (じゅう) (astringent, reluctant). The two characters together evoke something deeply unpleasant to endure.

Common collocations

Very commonly appears in the set phrase 苦渋(くじゅう)決断(けつだん), which is a staple of news reports and political speech. Implies that the decision was reached only after much painful deliberation and is not one the speaker wanted to make.