(きわ)める

きわめる
verb, ichidan
to investigate thoroughly; to master
1. to investigate thoroughly; to get to the bottom of
To pursue the truth or essence of something through deep study or inquiry. Emphasizes the intellectual process of thorough examination.
真理(しんり)(きわ)める。
To pursue the truth.
原因(げんいん)(きわ)めるために調査(ちょうさ)(つづ)けた。
We continued the investigation to get to the bottom of the cause.
(かれ)生涯(しょうがい)をかけて学問(がくもん)(きわ)めた(ひと)だ。
He was someone who devoted his life to the pursuit of scholarship.
2. to master; to pursue to the utmost
To reach the highest level of skill or understanding in a field or discipline through dedicated practice and study.
茶道(さどう)(きわ)める。
To master the art of tea ceremony.
武術(ぶじゅつ)(きわ)めるには長年(ながねん)修行(しゅぎょう)必要(ひつよう)だ。
Mastering martial arts requires years of training.
(ひと)つの(みち)(きわ)めることは簡単(かんたん)ではないが、(おお)きな(よろこ)びがある。
Mastering a single discipline is not easy, but it brings great joy.

(きわ)める is a transitive ichidan verb.

ASPECT (ている):
(きわ)めている indicates an ongoing pursuit or a state of having mastered something.

PARTICLE PATTERNS:

  • [subject]を(きわ)める: to investigate / master something

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 真理(しんり)(きわ)める: to pursue the truth
  • 学問(がくもん)(きわ)める: to pursue scholarship deeply
  • (みち)(きわ)める: to master a discipline

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • (きわ)める: to investigate deeply or master (intellectual/spiritual pursuit)
  • (きわ)める: to reach the extreme or pinnacle (emphasizes the peak or limit)
  • 研究(けんきゅう)する: to research (academic, more neutral)