1.
calendar; almanac
A system for organizing days and months, or a physical calendar or almanac. Often refers to the traditional Japanese calendar system and its seasonal divisions.
暦の上ではもう春だ。
According to the calendar, it's already spring.
旧暦の暦では正月は二月ごろになる。
In the old calendar, New Year falls around February.
祖母は毎年暦を見て、農作業の時期を決めていた。
My grandmother would check the almanac every year to decide when to do the farm work.
Refers to both the concept of a calendar system and a physical calendar or almanac. While カレンダー is the everyday word for a wall/desk calendar, 暦 carries a more traditional, cultural nuance and is often associated with the old lunar calendar and seasonal markers.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 暦の上では — according to the calendar
- 旧暦の暦 — the old (lunar) calendar
- 暦を見る — to check the almanac
- 暦の上の春 — spring by the calendar (but not yet in reality)
RELATED TERMS:
- カレンダー — calendar (modern wall/desk calendar)
- 旧暦 — old/lunar calendar
- 新暦 — new/Gregorian calendar
- 二十四節気 — the 24 solar terms (traditional seasonal divisions)
CULTURAL NOTE:
Japan adopted the Gregorian calendar in 1873, but the old lunar calendar (旧暦) still influences festivals and seasonal customs. The phrase 暦の上では is commonly used when the calendar date says one season but the weather feels like another.