1.
suddenly; all of a sudden; without warning
Something happens unexpectedly and without any prior indication. Emphasizes the abruptness of the event.
Can be used with or without the に particle — both 突然 and 突然に function as adverbs. The form without に is slightly more common in casual speech.
Common collocations
- 突然に現れる: to appear suddenly
- 突然に倒れる: to collapse suddenly
- 突然に泣き出す: to suddenly burst into tears
- 突然の訪問: a sudden visit
Similar words
- 急に: suddenly — similar but often implies a change of state or speed
- いきなり: suddenly, without warning — more colloquial, emphasizes lack of preamble
- 不意に: unexpectedly — literary, emphasizes catching someone off guard
- 唐突に: abruptly — more formal, often about speech or behavior
Usage
突然 can also function as a な-adjective modifier: 突然の知らせ (a sudden notification).
Related Words
Compare:
急に (suddenly)
Compare:
いきなり (suddenly, without warning)
Compare:
不意に (unexpectedly)
Compare:
唐突に (abruptly)