(しんけんしゃ)

しんけんしゃ
noun
person with parental authority; legal guardian (parent)
1. person with parental authority; parent with legal custody of a minor child
A legal term referring to the parent or parents who hold 親権(しんけん) (parental authority) over a minor child — the right and duty to care for the child, manage their property, and represent them legally. Especially important after divorce, when one parent is often designated as the sole 親権者(しんけんしゃ).
母親(ははおや)親権者(しんけんしゃ)となった。
The mother became the parent with legal custody.
離婚(りこん)(さい)、どちらが親権者(しんけんしゃ)になるかで(あらそ)った。
When they divorced, they fought over which parent would have legal custody.
未成年者(みせいねんしゃ)契約(けいやく)には親権者(しんけんしゃ)同意(どうい)必要(ひつよう)です。
A contract with a minor requires the consent of the parent with legal authority.

Composed of 親権(しんけん) (parental authority) and the suffix 〜者(しゃ) (person). A legal term used in family law and official documents. In Japan, divorcing parents typically cannot share joint custody of a minor child the way they can in many Western countries — one parent is designated as the sole 親権者(しんけんしゃ), which is often a contentious issue.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 親権者(しんけんしゃ)になる: to become the parent with legal custody
  • 親権者(しんけんしゃ)()める: to decide who will have legal custody
  • 親権者(しんけんしゃ)同意(どうい): the consent of the parent with legal authority
  • 親権者(しんけんしゃ)変更(へんこう): change of legal custody

RELATED TERMS:

  • 親権(しんけん): parental authority (the right itself)
  • 保護者(ほごしゃ): guardian — broader term that can include legal guardians who are not parents; also used in school contexts
  • 後見人(こうけんにん): legal guardian — for minors without parents, or for adults who cannot manage their own affairs
  • 未成年者(みせいねんしゃ): minor — the person over whom parental authority is exercised