1.
satellite (natural)
A celestial body orbiting a planet, like the moon.
衛星 covers both natural satellites (moons) and artificial satellites. The word comes from 衛 (guard, protect) + 星 (star), evoking a body that "guards" or orbits a larger one.
COMMON COMPOUNDS:
- 人工衛星: artificial satellite
- 衛星放送: satellite broadcasting
- 気象衛星: weather satellite
- 通信衛星: communications satellite
- 衛星写真: satellite photo
COMMON PATTERNS:
- 衛星を打ち上げる: to launch a satellite
- 衛星が軌道に乗る: a satellite enters orbit
CAUTION:
Do not confuse with 衛生 (hygiene) — same reading but different kanji (星 vs. 生).