済む
すむ
verb (godan)
to be finished, to be settled
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 済む | 済まない |
| Present polite | 済みます | 済みません |
| Past | 済んだ | 済まなかった |
| Past polite | 済みました | 済みませんでした |
| て form | 済んで | 済まなくて |
| ている present | 済んでいる | 済んでいない |
| ている polite | 済んでいます | 済んでいません |
| ている past | 済んでいた | 済んでいなかった |
| ている past polite | 済んでいました | 済んでいませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 済めば | 済まなければ |
| Conditional たら | 済んだら | 済まなかったら |
| Volitional | 済もう | — |
| Volitional polite | 済みましょう | — |
| Potential | 済める | 済めない |
| Passive | 済まれる | 済まれない |
| Causative | 済ませる | 済ませない |
| Imperative | 済め | 済むな |
1.
to be finished, to be done
For something to be completed.
済む is an intransitive godan verb meaning 'to be finished' or 'to be settled.'
TRANSITIVITY:
- Type: 自動詞 (intransitive)
- Pair: 済ませる (transitive, to finish/complete)
KEY PATTERNS:
- Xが済む: X is finished
- V-て済む: can get by with doing V
- V-ないで済む: can manage without doing V
- それで済む: that will be enough/sufficient
COMMON EXPRESSIONS:
- 仕事が済んだ: the work is done
- 用事が済む: business is finished
- 食事が済む: finished eating
- 謝って済む問題ではない: not something an apology can fix
NOTE:
Don't confuse with 住む (to live, to reside), which has the same reading but different kanji and meaning.
Related Words
Homophone:
澄む (to become clear, to be limpid)