1.
reason, cause
A reason or cause for something. Used in formal or literary contexts.
Usage
A formal, literary word. In everyday speech, 理由 (reason) or から/ので (because) are preferred. 故 appears frequently in written Japanese, proverbs, and set phrases.
Common patterns
- X故に (because of X)
- 故あって (for a certain reason)
- 何故 (for what reason, why)
- それ故 (therefore, for that reason)
Famous quote
「我思う、故に我あり」 — "I think, therefore I am" (Descartes, translated into Japanese).