(しんげん)

しんげん
noun / verb-suru
advice to a superior; counsel
1. advice to a superior; counsel; recommendation
The act of offering advice or a recommendation to someone of higher status or authority. Implies the speaker is in a subordinate position and is respectfully suggesting a course of action.
部下(ぶか)社長(しゃちょう)進言(しんげん)した。
A subordinate offered advice to the company president.
計画(けいかく)見直(みなお)しを上司(じょうし)進言(しんげん)するつもりだ。
I intend to advise my boss to reconsider the plan.
家臣(かしん)たちの進言(しんげん)()()れ、殿様(とのさま)方針(ほうしん)()えた。
The lord heeded his retainers' counsel and changed his policy.

Literally "advance + words" — pushing words forward to someone above you. Carries a formal, respectful tone and implies a hierarchical relationship.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 進言(しんげん)する (to offer advice to a superior)
  • 進言(しんげん)()()れる (to accept counsel)
  • 進言(しんげん)()ける (to receive counsel)

SIMILAR WORDS:
助言(じょげん) is general advice with no hierarchical implication, while 進言(しんげん) specifically means advice from a subordinate to a superior. 諫言(かんげん) is stronger — remonstration or critical advice urging a superior to correct a mistake.