1.
hypothetical form; the conditional conjugation form of Japanese verbs and adjectives, used with ～ば to express 'if'
A term from Japanese school grammar for the form of a verb or adjective that takes ば to make an "if" clause, such as 書け in 書けば.
A grammatical term used in Japanese language education. In the traditional six-form conjugation system (活用), the 仮定形 is the form that attaches to the conditional particle ば. For godan verbs, this is the え-row form (e.g., 書く → 書けば); for ichidan verbs, it ends in れば (e.g., 食べる → 食べれば).
The six conjugation forms
- 未然形 — irrealis form (connects to ない, よう, etc.)
- 連用形 — continuative form (connects to ます, た, etc.)
- 終止形 — terminal form (dictionary form)
- 連体形 — attributive form (before nouns)
- 仮定形 — hypothetical form (connects to ば)
- 命令形 — imperative form
Similar words
- 条件形 — conditional form (an alternative name sometimes used in textbooks)
- 已然形 — realis form (the classical Japanese predecessor of the 仮定形)
Related Words
Compare:
已然形 (realis form)
Related:
未然形 (irrealis form)
Related:
終止形 (terminal form)
Related:
連体形 (attributive form)