1.
misconduct; illegal act; fraud; cheating
any dishonest, illegal, or unethical action, especially in professional, academic, or institutional settings
不正行為は許されない。
Misconduct will not be tolerated.
試験での不正行為が発覚した。
Cheating on the exam was discovered.
会計の不正行為が内部告発によって明らかになった。
Accounting fraud was brought to light through an internal whistleblower.
A formal compound noun combining 不正 (injustice, dishonesty) and 行為 (act, conduct). Used across many domains including law, business, academics, and sports to describe any wrongful action.
COMMON COLLOCATIONS:
- 不正行為を働く: to commit misconduct
- 不正行為を防止する: to prevent misconduct
- 不正行為が発覚する: misconduct is discovered
- 不正行為に関与する: to be involved in misconduct
SIMILAR WORDS:
- 違法行為: illegal act — specifically actions that violate the law
- 不祥事: scandal, disgrace — broader term covering embarrassing incidents
- 犯罪: crime — more serious than misconduct; always illegal
- 不正: fraud, dishonesty — the component word used alone as a more general term