1.
approval, authorization
Official permission or sanction from authorities to do something.
新薬が認可された。
The new drug was approved.
認可を申請する。
I apply for authorization.
2.
licensing, accreditation
Official recognition that something meets required standards.
認可保育園に入れた。
I got into a licensed daycare.
COLLOCATIONS:
- 認可を受ける: to receive authorization
- 認可を申請する: to apply for approval
- 認可保育園: licensed daycare
- 無認可: unlicensed, unauthorized
CONTRAST:
- 承認: approval (more general)
- 許可: permission (for specific actions)