(げんけい)

げんけい
noun
original form; base form
1. original form, original shape
The form or shape that something had before being altered, damaged, or transformed.
建物(たてもの)原形(げんけい)をとどめていない。
The building no longer retains its original form.
災害(さいがい)(まち)原形(げんけい)をとどめないほど破壊(はかい)された。
The disaster destroyed the town beyond recognition.
出土(しゅつど)した土器(どき)損傷(そんしょう)がひどく、原形(げんけい)復元(ふくげん)するのに(なが)時間(じかん)がかかった。
The excavated pottery was badly damaged, and it took a long time to restore its original form.
2. base form, dictionary form (grammar)
The uninflected or citation form of a word, especially a verb or adjective.
動詞(どうし)原形(げんけい)(こた)えなさい。
Give the base form of the verb.
()べた」の原形(げんけい)は「()べる」だ。
The base form of 'tabeta' is 'taberu.'
英語(えいご)では、to の(あと)動詞(どうし)原形(げんけい)()るのが基本(きほん)だ。
In English, the base form of a verb basically follows 'to.'

USAGE:
Sense 1 frequently appears in the expression 原形(げんけい)をとどめない (to not retain one's original form), describing severe damage or transformation. Sense 2 is a grammatical term used in language education.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 原形(げんけい)をとどめない: to be unrecognizable from the original
  • 原形(げんけい)をとどめる: to retain the original form
  • 原形(げんけい)復元(ふくげん)する: to restore the original form
  • 動詞(どうし)原形(げんけい): base form of a verb

SIMILAR WORDS:
原形(げんけい) refers to the original shape or base form. 原型(げんけい) (same reading, different kanji) means prototype or archetype — the model from which copies are made. (もと)(かたち) is a more casual way to say "original shape."