(げんけい)

げんけい
noun
original form; base form
See also: 原型(げんけい) (prototype)
1. original form, original shape
The form or shape that something had before being altered, damaged, or transformed.
建物(たてもの)原形(げんけい)とどめていない
The building no longer retains its original form.
災害(さいがい)(まち)原形(げんけい)とどめないほど破壊(はかい)された
The disaster destroyed the town beyond recognition.
The excavated pottery was badly damaged, and it took a long time to restore its original form.
2. base form, dictionary form (grammar)
The uninflected or citation form of a word, especially a verb or adjective.
Give the base form of the verb.
()べた原形(げんけい)()べる」だ。
The base form of 'tabeta' is 'taberu.'
In English, the base form of a verb basically follows 'to.'

Usage

Sense 1 frequently appears in the expression 原形(げんけい)とどめない (to not retain one's original form), describing severe damage or transformation. Sense 2 is a grammatical term used in language education.

Common collocations

  • 原形(げんけい)とどめない: to be unrecognizable from the original
  • 原形(げんけい)とどめる: to retain the original form
  • 原形(げんけい)復元(ふくげん)する: to restore the original form
  • 動詞(どうし)原形(げんけい): base form of a verb

Similar words

原形(げんけい) refers to the original shape or base form. 原型(げんけい) (same reading, different kanji) means prototype or archetype — the model from which copies are made. (もと)(かたち) is a more casual way to say "original shape."