文献(ぶんけん)

ぶんけん
noun
literature, references, documents
1. literature, references, scholarly documents
Written works, records, or documents used as sources of information, especially in academic research and historical study.
関連(かんれん)文献(ぶんけん)を調(しら)べた。
I looked into the relevant literature.
参考(さんこう)文献(ぶんけん)のリストを論文(ろんぶん)の末尾(まつび)に付(つ)ける。
Attach a list of references at the end of the paper.
この時代(じだい)については残(のこ)っている文献(ぶんけん)が少(すく)なく、詳(くわ)しいことがわかっていない。
Few documents survive from this period, so little is known in detail.

USAGE:
Primarily an academic and scholarly term. In research, 参考(さんこう)文献(ぶんけん) (references, bibliography) is the standard term for citing sources. In historical contexts, 文献(ぶんけん) refers to surviving written records.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 参考(さんこう)文献(ぶんけん): reference literature, bibliography
  • 関連(かんれん)文献(ぶんけん): related literature
  • 文献(ぶんけん)調査(ちょうさ): literature review, documentary research
  • 歴史(れきし)文献(ぶんけん): historical documents

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • 資料(しりょう): materials, data (broader, includes non-written sources)
  • 文書(ぶんしょ): document, written text (individual document, more official)
general
Added 2026.2.22 21:47
12500/12885_bunken