昏睡
こんすい
noun, suru verb
coma; deep unconscious state
formalhealth
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 昏睡する | 昏睡しない |
| Present polite | 昏睡します | 昏睡しません |
| Past | 昏睡した | 昏睡しなかった |
| Past polite | 昏睡しました | 昏睡しませんでした |
| て form | 昏睡して | 昏睡しなくて |
| ている present | 昏睡している | 昏睡していない |
| ている polite | 昏睡しています | 昏睡していません |
| ている past | 昏睡していた | 昏睡していなかった |
| ている past polite | 昏睡していました | 昏睡していませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 昏睡すれば | 昏睡しなければ |
| Conditional たら | 昏睡したら | 昏睡しなかったら |
| Volitional | 昏睡しよう | — |
| Volitional polite | 昏睡しましょう | — |
| Potential | 昏睡できる | 昏睡できない |
| Passive | 昏睡される | 昏睡されない |
| Causative | 昏睡させる | 昏睡させない |
| Imperative | 昏睡しろ | 昏睡するな |
1.
coma; deep unconscious state from which a person cannot be awakened
A medical term for the most severe level of impaired consciousness: the patient does not open their eyes, cannot speak, and does not respond even to strong painful stimuli. Distinct from ordinary sleep or fainting. Frequently appears in medical reports and news about serious illness, injury, or overdose. Used as a verbal noun with する (昏睡する 'to fall into a coma'), but the phrase 昏睡状態 ('comatose state') is by far the most common form.
She fell into a coma from the shock of the accident, but regained consciousness a week later.
Compound of 昏 ('darkness; dim') and 睡 ('sleep'). Literally 'dark sleep'. A medical Sino-Japanese term; the everyday synonym-like phrase for 'pass out' is 意識を失う ('to lose consciousness'), which is broader.
Usage
- The most natural form is the set phrase 昏睡状態 ('comatose state').
- Typical verbs: 昏睡状態に陥る / になる ('fall into a coma'), 昏睡状態が続く ('remain comatose'), 昏睡状態から目覚める / 脱する ('emerge from a coma').
- 昏睡する is grammatical but much less frequent than the 状態 phrase.
- Also appears in the criminal-law term 昏睡強盗 ('knockout robbery' — drugging a victim to rob them).
Common collocations
- 昏睡状態: comatose state
- 昏睡状態に陥る: to fall into a coma
- 昏睡状態が続く: to remain in a coma
- 昏睡状態から目覚める: to wake from a coma
- 深い昏睡: deep coma
- 昏睡強盗: knockout robbery (legal term)
Similar words
- 意識不明: unconsciousness — broader news-style term, common in press reports.
- 気絶: fainting; passing out — sudden, typically brief.
- 失神: fainting; syncope — medical term for transient loss of consciousness.
- 植物状態: persistent vegetative state — chronic and severe, different clinical category.
Medical note
In Japanese medical settings, level of consciousness is commonly graded with the Japan Coma Scale (JCS); the Glasgow Coma Scale is also used. 昏睡 corresponds to the most severe grades in both systems.