(ねむ)

ねむる
verb (godan)
to sleep
1. to sleep
To be in a state of sleep. Focuses on the state of sleeping rather than the act of going to bed.
(あか)ちゃん(ねむ)っている。
The baby is sleeping.
よく(ねむ)れました
Did you sleep well?
Potential form (ねむ)れる
子供(こども)(しず)かに(ねむ)っている。
The child is sleeping quietly.
昨日(きのう)よく(ねむ)れなかった。
I couldn't sleep well yesterday.
Potential form
ぐっすり(ねむ)った。
I slept soundly.
(ねむ)れない(よる)()ごした
I spent a sleepless night.
Rest in peace.
2. to lie dormant
For something to remain unused or inactive.
才能(さいのう)(ねむ)っている。
Talent lies dormant.
Figurative usage
資源(しげん)(ねむ)っている。
Resources lie untapped.
I found old photos that had been sitting unused in a drawer.
Money sits idle in the bank.
There are a lot of unused things sitting around in the house.

TRANSITIVITY: 自動詞(じどうし) (intransitive). Pattern: Xが(ねむ)る (X sleeps).

ASPECT: ている indicates state of sleeping. (ねむ)っている = 'is asleep.'

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • ぐっすり(ねむ)る (sleep soundly)
  • よく(ねむ)れる (can sleep well)
  • (ねむ)れない (can't sleep)
  • (ねむ)りにつく (fall asleep)
  • 永遠(えいえん)(ねむ)り (eternal sleep—death euphemism)

CONTRAST WITH ()る:

  • (ねむ)る: to sleep (the state of being asleep)
  • ()る: to go to bed, to lie down, to sleep (broader meaning)

()る is more common in everyday speech and includes 'going to bed.' (ねむ)る specifically means 'to be asleep.'

RELATED:

  • (ねむ)い (sleepy—adjective)
  • (ねむ)り (sleep—noun)