すなわち
すなわち
conjunction
namely, that is to say
1.
namely, that is, in other words
Used to clarify or restate something in different words.
これは日本の首都、すなわち東京です。
This is Japan's capital, namely Tokyo.
彼は私の父の弟、すなわち叔父です。
He is my father's younger brother, that is, my uncle.
A=B、すなわちB=Aである。
A=B, in other words, B=A.
彼は社長の息子、すなわち次の後継者だ。
He is the president's son, that is to say, the next successor.
国民の代表、すなわち国会議員が法律を作るのが民主主義の基本だ。
It is a fundamental principle of democracy that representatives of the people, namely members of parliament, create laws.
すなわち is a formal conjunction used for clarification or equivalence.
REGISTER:
Formal/written. Common in academic writing, explanations, and formal speech. For casual speech, use つまり instead.
SIMILAR EXPRESSIONS:
- すなわち: namely, that is (formal, precise equivalence)
- つまり: in other words, that is (neutral, summarizing)
- 言い換えれば: in other words (literally "if I rephrase it")
- 要するに: in short, basically
KANJI FORM:
Sometimes written as 即ち, though hiragana is more common.