つまり
つまり
adverb, conjunction
in other words, that is to say
1.
in other words, that is to say, namely
Used to rephrase or clarify what was just said.
つまり、無理ということだ。
In other words, it's impossible.
つまり、賛成ということですね。
So in other words, you agree?
彼女は私の父の姉、つまり伯母です。
She is my father's older sister, in other words, my aunt.
1キロは1000メートル、つまり100センチの1000倍だ。
One kilometer is 1000 meters, that is, 1000 times 100 centimeters.
彼は毎日遅刻する。つまり、時間を守る気がないのだ。
He's late every day. In other words, he has no intention of being on time.
2.
in short, in the end, after all
Used to summarize or state the conclusion.
つまり、何が言いたいの?
So what are you trying to say?
つまりは金の問題だ。
In the end, it's a matter of money.
つまりは = after all, in the end
つまり、誰も来なかったということだね。
So in short, nobody came, right?
いろいろ考えたが、つまり自分でやるしかない。
I thought about it a lot, but in the end, I have no choice but to do it myself.
長い説明を聞いたが、つまり予算が足りないということだった。
I listened to a long explanation, but in short, the budget was insufficient.
USAGE:
つまり is used to:
1. Clarify or rephrase something in simpler terms
2. Summarize a longer explanation
3. Draw a conclusion from what was said
SIMILAR WORDS:
- つまり: In other words (rephrasing, summarizing)
- すなわち: Namely, that is (more formal, written)
- 要するに: In short, to sum up (emphasizes conclusion)
- 結局: After all, in the end (emphasizes final result)
POSITION:
Usually appears at the beginning of a sentence or clause.
Related Words
Synonym:
すなわち (namely (formal))