のに
のに
conjunction
although, despite, even though
1.
although, despite, even though
Expresses disappointment, surprise, or frustration that the result contradicts the expectation set up in the first clause.
雨なのに出かけた。
Even though it was raining, I went out.
たくさん勉強したのに、テストに落ちた。
Despite studying a lot, I failed the test.
約束したのに来なかった。待っていたのに残念だ。
Even though we made a promise, they didn't come. I was waiting, so it's disappointing.
のに connects two clauses where the second clause is an unexpected or disappointing result given the first clause. It carries a nuance of dissatisfaction, regret, or surprise.
CONNECTION PATTERNS:
- Verb (plain form) + のに: 食べたのに
- い-adjective + のに: 高いのに
- な-adjective + な + のに: 静かなのに
- Noun + な + のに: 雨なのに
CONTRAST WITH けど/けれども:
- のに emphasizes the speaker's surprise, frustration, or disappointment about the outcome
- けど is more neutral and simply states a contrast without emotional nuance
NOTE: のに cannot be used with commands, requests, or suggestions in the second clause. Use のだから instead.