()ちる

おちる
verb (ichidan)
to fall, to drop
See also: ()とす (transitive)
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present()ちる()ちない
Present polite()ちます()ちません
Past()ちた()ちなかった
Past polite()ちました()ちませんでした
て form()ちて()ちなくて
ている present()ちている()ちていない
ている polite()ちています()ちていません
ている past()ちていた()ちていなかった
ている past polite()ちていました()ちていませんでした
Conditional ば()ちれば()ちなければ
Conditional たら()ちたら()ちなかったら
Volitional()ちよう
Volitional polite()ちましょう
Potential()ちられる()ちられない
Passive()ちられる()ちられない
Causative()ちさせる()ちさせない
Imperative()ちろ()ちるな
1. to fall, to drop
For something to move downward due to gravity. The intransitive form—the object falls by itself.
The leaves fell from the tree.
から marks the origin point of falling
I want to get home before the sun sets, so let's go now.
()()ちる = the sun sets
I fell down the stairs and hurt my leg, so I decided to stay home from school today.
財布(さいふ)()ちています
Your wallet has fallen (is on the ground).
(あめ)()ちてきた
Rain started to fall.
2. to fail (an exam)
To not pass an examination or test.
会社(かいしゃ)()ちてしまった。
I didn't get the job.
に marks what you failed to get into; ()ちる = fail (selection/application)
What should I do if I fail the exam?
大学(だいがく)()ちてしまった。
I failed to get into the university.
I don't know why I failed the interview.
I failed the driver's license test three times.
3. to come off, to be removed
For stains, dirt, or attachments to come off or be removed from a surface.
The dirt wouldn't come off even after washing, so I was stuck.
(よご)れが()ちる = dirt comes off
This stain won't come off easily.
化粧(けしょう)()ちてしまった。
My makeup came off.
油汚(あぶらよご)()()ちやすい。
Oil stains come off easily with hot water.
ボタン()ちそうだ。
The button looks like it's about to fall off.

TRANSITIVITY: 自動詞(じどうし) (intransitive). Pair: ()とす (transitive, to drop something). Pattern: Xが()ちる (X falls).

ASPECT: ている indicates resulting state. ()ちている = 'has fallen' (is lying on the ground) or 'is off' (for stains).

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • ()から()ちる (fall from a tree)
  • (ゆか)()ちる (fall onto the floor)
  • 試験(しけん)()ちる (fail an exam)
  • (よご)れが()ちる (dirt comes off)
  • (かみなり)()ちる (lightning strikes—lit. 'falls')
  • ()()ちる (the sun sets)

NOTE ON KANJI: The vocabulary list shows ()る but the standard form is ()ちる with the ち included.

IDIOMS:

  • ()()く (to calm down—compound verb)
  • ()()ちる (to feel down)

REGISTER: Neutral.