()()

きめこむ
verb (godan)
to assume; to pretend
他動詞 transitivecognition
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present()()()()まない
Present polite()()みます()()みません
Past()()んだ()()まなかった
Past polite()()みました()()みませんでした
て form()()んで()()まなくて
ている present()()んでいる()()んでいない
ている polite()()んでいます()()んでいません
ている past()()んでいた()()んでいなかった
ている past polite()()んでいました()()んでいませんでした
Conditional ば()()めば()()まなければ
Conditional たら()()んだら()()まなかったら
Volitional()()もう
Volitional polite()()みましょう
Potential()()める()()めない
Passive()()まれる()()まれない
Causative()()ませる()()ませない
Imperative()()()()むな
1. to assume, to take for granted, to decide firmly
To decide something firmly without proper evidence or consideration. Often implies an unfounded or premature assumption.
安全(あんぜん)()()んでいた
I had assumed it was safe.
(かれ)()ない()()んでいた
I had assumed he wouldn't come.
I neglected preparations, having assumed everything would be fine.
2. to pretend, to feign, to play (a role)
To deliberately adopt a particular attitude or pretend to be in a certain state, often to avoid responsibility or confrontation. Commonly used with states like sleeping, ignorance, or innocence.
()ふり()()む。
To pretend to be asleep.
()らないふり()()んだ。
I played dumb.
No matter what he's asked, he insists on keeping silent.

Usage

A compound verb combining ()める (to decide) and () (into, thoroughly). The () suffix adds nuance of firmly settling into a state.

Sense 1 often implies the assumption was unwarranted or led to problems. Sense 2 is very common in the pattern X()()む, where X is a pretended state.

Common patterns

  • ()ふり()()む: to pretend to be asleep
  • ()らないふり()()む: to play dumb
  • (だま)()()む: to clam up, to insist on silence
  • (たか)くくって()()む: to take something lightly and assume