1.
cod roe; salted pollock roe
The salted roe (eggs) of Alaska pollock or cod, widely eaten in Japan as a rice topping, onigiri filling, or pasta ingredient. Typically pale pink in color.
Writing: Usually written in hiragana (たらこ) or katakana (タラコ). The kanji 鱈子 exists but is rarely used.
Etymology: From 鱈 (cod/pollock) + 子 (child, here meaning eggs/roe).
Culture: たらこ is one of Japan's most popular rice ball (おにぎり) fillings. たらこパスタ (cod roe pasta) is a uniquely Japanese pasta dish. Mentaiko (明太子) is a spicier variety seasoned with chili pepper.