ほうこうにん
noun
servant; live-in apprentice
1. servant; live-in apprentice
Historically, a person who worked in service to a master's household or shop, often living in and receiving room and board. Especially associated with the Edo period.
江戸(えど)時代(じだい)奉公人(ほうこうにん)()()みで(はたら)いた。
Servants in the Edo period worked as live-in employees.
商家(しょうか)奉公人(ほうこうにん)として(やと)われる。
To be hired as an apprentice at a merchant house.
(おさな)(ころ)から奉公人(ほうこうにん)として(きび)しくしつけられた。
From a young age they were strictly disciplined as a servant.

Composed of 奉公(ほうこう) (service to a master) + (にん) (person). A historical term for someone who served in a household or shop, typically living on the premises. Rare in modern life except in historical or figurative contexts.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 奉公人(ほうこうにん)(やと)う: to hire a servant
  • ()()みの奉公人(ほうこうにん): a live-in servant

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • 丁稚(でっち): apprentice boy — a young live-in trainee at a shop
  • 使用人(しようにん): servant, employee — a plainer, more general term