使(しようにん)

しようにん
noun
servant; employee; hired help
1. servant; hired help; domestic worker
A person employed to perform domestic or manual labor in a household. Often used in historical or literary contexts to refer to servants in wealthy households.
屋敷(やしき)には使用人(しようにん)何人(なんにん)もいた。
There were many servants in the mansion.
使用人(しようにん)食事(しょくじ)準備(じゅんび)をしている。
The servants are preparing the meal.
(むかし)貴族(きぞく)大勢(おおぜい)使用人(しようにん)(やと)って()らしていた。
Nobles in the past lived with many servants in their employ.
2. employee (legal term)
In legal contexts, a person employed by another, especially in relation to employer liability and labor law.
使用人(しようにん)行為(こうい)について(やと)(ぬし)責任(せきにん)()う。
The employer bears responsibility for the actions of the employee.
民法(みんぽう)では使用人(しようにん)使用者(しようしゃ)関係(かんけい)規定(きてい)されている。
The Civil Code defines the relationship between employee and employer.
使用人(しようにん)業務(ぎょうむ)(ちゅう)第三者(だいさんしゃ)損害(そんがい)(あた)えた場合(ばあい)使用者(しようしゃ)賠償(ばいしょう)責任(せきにん)()われる。
If an employee causes damage to a third party during work, the employer may also be held liable.

Primarily associated with household servants in historical or literary contexts. In modern everyday language, words like 従業員(じゅうぎょういん) or 社員(しゃいん) are more common for 'employee.'

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 使用人(しようにん)(やと)う: to hire a servant
  • 使用人(しようにん)部屋(べや): servants' quarters
  • 忠実(ちゅうじつ)使用人(しようにん): a faithful servant

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • ()使(つか)い: servant — more old-fashioned
  • 従業員(じゅうぎょういん): employee — standard modern term for workers
  • 家政婦(かせいふ): housekeeper — specifically domestic help in modern usage