Words tagged “history”

仇討(あだう)ちあだうちrevenge; vendetta; vengeance 戦(いくさ)いくさwar; battle; warfare (classical/literary) 石垣(いしがき)いしがきstone wall; dry stone wall 維新(いしん)いしんrestoration, reform, renewal 偉人(いじん)いじんgreat person; historical figure 異人館(いじんかん)いじんかんWestern-style residence built for foreign residents 遺跡(いせき)いせきruins, historic site, remains 遺跡群(いせきぐん)いせきぐんruins complex; group of archaeological sites 遺存(いそん)いそんsurvival; remaining from the past; vestige 一門(いちもん)いちもんfamily; clan; school (of an art or discipline) 逸話(いつわ)いつわanecdote; episode; memorable story 慰霊碑(いれいひ)いれいひmemorial monument; cenotaph 打(う)ち壊(こわ)しうちこわしsmashing; destruction; demolition 栄枯(えいこ)えいこprosperity and decline; rise and fall; vicissitudes 江戸時代(えどじだい)えどじだいEdo period (1603–1868) 沿革(えんかく)えんかくhistory; development (of an organization) 追(お)いはぎおいはぎhighway robber; mugger 王后(おうごう)おうごうqueen consort; queen 大奥(おおおく)おおおくwomen's quarters in Edo Castle

開墾(かいこん)かいこんland reclamation; clearing land for cultivation 改新(かいしん)かいしんreform; renewal; innovation 開拓者(かいたくしゃ)かいたくしゃpioneer; settler; trailblazer 貝塚(かいづか)かいづかshell mound; shell midden 科学史(かがくし)かがくしhistory of science 駕籠(かご)かごpalanquin; sedan chair; a covered litter carried on poles by bearers 苛政(かせい)かせいharsh government; oppressive rule; tyrannical administration 敵討(かたきう)ちかたきうちrevenge; vengeance 鎌倉(かまくら)かまくらKamakura (medieval capital in Kanagawa) 官営(かんえい)かんえいgovernment-operated; state-run 漢書(かんじょ)かんじょBook of Han (Chinese history classic) 学徒(がくと)がくとstudent; scholar; learner 汽船(きせん)きせんsteamship; steamboat 貴族(きぞく)きぞくnoble, aristocrat 几帳(きちょう)きちょうcurtained standing screen (Heian-era furnishing) 騎馬(きば)きばhorse riding; being mounted on horseback; a mounted rider 宮廷(きゅうてい)きゅうていimperial court, royal court 旧来(きゅうらい)きゅうらいtraditional, conventional, long-established 侠客(きょうかく)きょうかくchivalrous person; outlaw hero 金銀(きんぎん)財宝(ざいほう)きんぎんざいほうgold, silver, and treasure; riches and valuables 銀貨(ぎんか)ぎんかsilver coin 空襲(くうしゅう)くうしゅうair raid; aerial attack 蔵造(くらづく)りくらづくりwarehouse-style architecture 蔵屋敷(くらやしき)くらやしきwarehouse estate; domain warehouse 廓(くるわ)くるわpleasure quarter; red-light district (historical); enclosure; compound; bailey (of a castle) 鍬形(くわがた)くわがたhoe-shaped helmet crest 軍馬(ぐんば)ぐんばwar horse; military horse 軍部(ぐんぶ)ぐんぶthe military; military establishment; armed forces leadership 群雄割拠(ぐんゆうかっきょ)ぐんゆうかっきょrivalry of local warlords; many rivals competing for dominance 繭糸(けんし)けんしsilk thread; cocoon thread; raw silk fiber 下剋上(げこくじょう)げこくじょうoverthrowing one's superiors 原始時代(げんしじだい)げんしじだいprimitive era; prehistoric times 原始的(げんしてき)げんしてきprimitive; primeval; rudimentary 原子爆弾(げんしばくだん)げんしばくだんatomic bomb 源氏(げんじ)げんじGenji; Minamoto clan 原住民(げんじゅうみん)げんじゅうみんnative inhabitants; indigenous people (of a region) 後宮(こうきゅう)こうきゅうthe inner palace where the emperor's consorts and attendants lived 工業革命(こうぎょうかくめい)こうぎょうかくめいIndustrial Revolution 考証(こうしょう)こうしょうhistorical research; verification of historical accuracy 公女(こうじょ)こうじょprincess; duke's daughter; noblewoman 皇女(こうじょ)こうじょimperial princess; daughter of an emperor 皇帝(こうてい)こうていemperor 国鉄(こくてつ)こくてつJapanese National Railways (JNR, until 1987) 古人(こじん)こじんpeople of old; ancient sages; ancestors 古代文明(こだいぶんめい)こだいぶんめいancient civilization 古都(こと)ことancient capital 小判(こばん)こばんkoban; oval gold coin (Edo period) 古墳(こふん)こふんancient burial mound, tumulus 古墳(こふん)時代(じだい)こふんじだいKofun period (c. 250–538 CE) 古文書(こもんじょ)こもんじょancient document; historical record 豪傑(ごうけつ)ごうけつhero; brave warrior; great man 豪商(ごうしょう)ごうしょうwealthy merchant; great merchant 御殿(ごてん)ごてんpalace; mansion; grand residence

差配(さはい)さはいmanagement; supervision; agent; landlord's representative 侍(さむらい)さむらいsamurai, warrior 産業(さんぎょう)革命(かくめい)さんぎょうかくめいIndustrial Revolution 史記(しき)しきRecords of the Grand Historian (Chinese classic) 史実(しじつ)しじつhistorical fact 史上(しじょう)しじょうin history; ever 史上初(しじょうはつ)しじょうはつfirst in history; unprecedented 士族階級(しぞくかいきゅう)しぞくかいきゅうthe samurai class; the shizoku class 膝行(しっこう)しっこうcrawling on one's knees; approaching on one's knees 写本(しゃほん)しゃほんmanuscript; handwritten copy 収容所(しゅうようじょ)しゅうようじょdetention center; internment camp; concentration camp 出土(しゅつど)しゅつどexcavation, unearthing 荘園(しょうえん)しょうえんmanor; feudal estate 聖徳太子(しょうとくたいし)しょうとくたいしPrince Shotoku 娼婦(しょうふ)しょうふprostitute; sex worker 昭和(しょうわ)しょうわShowa; the Showa era (1926–1989) 植民地(しょくみんち)しょくみんちcolony; colonial territory 植民地(しょくみんち)主義(しゅぎ)しょくみんちしゅぎcolonialism 初代(しょだい)しょだいfirst generation, founder 史料(しりょう)しりょうhistorical materials; historical sources 城跡(しろあと)しろあとcastle ruins 新造(しんぞう)しんぞうnew construction; newly built vessel 神託(しんたく)しんたくoracle; divine message; revelation from a god 地主(じぬし)じぬしlandowner, landlord 儒者(じゅしゃ)じゅしゃConfucian scholar; follower of Confucianism 城郭(じょうかく)じょうかくcastle; fortress; castle compound 上奏(じょうそう)じょうそうreport to the throne; memorial to the emperor 城壁(じょうへき)じょうへきcastle wall; rampart; fortification wall 正史(せいし)せいしofficial history; authentic dynastic history 成敗(せいばい)せいばいpunishment; judgment; chastisement 征伐(せいばつ)せいばつsubjugation; conquest; punitive expedition 関(せき)ヶ原(はら)せきがはらSekigahara; a decisive showdown 石器(せっき)せっきstone tool; stone implement 切腹(せっぷく)せっぷくseppuku, ritual suicide by disembowelment 戦国(せんごく)せんごくwarring states; period of civil war and rival feudal lords (especially the Sengoku period, c. 1467–1615) 先史(せんし)せんしprehistory; prehistoric era 先史(せんし)時代(じだい)せんしじだいprehistoric era; prehistory 戦時中(せんじちゅう)せんじちゅうduring the war; in wartime 先人(せんじん)せんじんpredecessor; forerunner; those who came before 専制政治(せんせいせいじ)せんせいせいじdespotism; autocratic rule 戦敗国(せんぱいこく)せんぱいこくdefeated nation; loser country (in a war) 占領(せんりょう)せんりょうoccupation, military conquest 占領地(せんりょうち)せんりょうちoccupied territory; occupied land; conquered area 創建(そうけん)そうけんfounding; original construction (of a temple or shrine) 奏上(そうじょう)そうじょうreporting to the emperor or a deity; respectful address 相場師(そうばし)そうばしspeculator; market trader 足跡(そくせき)そくせきtrack record; achievements; accomplishments

退位(たいい)たいいabdication; stepping down from the throne 大戦(たいせん)たいせんgreat war, world war 鷹狩(たかが)りたかがりfalconry; hawking 太夫(たゆう)たゆうtayuu; high-ranking performer or courtesan 大名(だいみょう)だいみょうfeudal lord; daimyo 嫡男(ちゃくなん)ちゃくなんlegitimate son; male heir 忠義(ちゅうぎ)ちゅうぎloyalty; fidelity; devotion (to a lord or master) 朝廷(ちょうてい)ちょうていimperial court 帝国(ていこく)ていこくempire 剃髪(ていはつ)ていはつhead shaving; tonsure 天下統一(てんかとういつ)てんかとういつunification of the country; national unification 伝令(でんれい)でんれいmessenger; orderly; dispatch 刀剣(とうけん)とうけんswords; swords and blades 東照宮(とうしょうぐう)とうしょうぐうToshogu Shrine 統治者(とうちしゃ)とうちしゃruler; governor; sovereign 倒幕(とうばく)とうばくoverthrowing the shogunate 殿(との)とのlord; feudal lord 砦(とりで)とりでfortress; stronghold; bastion

男色(なんしょく)なんしょくmale homosexuality; male-male love (historical/literary term) 南蛮(なんばん)なんばんSouthern barbarians; Western-style; nanban cooking 入植(にゅうしょく)にゅうしょくsettlement; colonization 農業革命(のうぎょうかくめい)のうぎょうかくめいagricultural revolution 農耕(のうこう)のうこうfarming; agriculture; cultivation

発掘(はっくつ)はっくつexcavation; discovery; unearthing 藩主(はんしゅ)はんしゅfeudal lord; domain lord; daimyō of a han 反乱(はんらん)はんらんrebellion, revolt, uprising 幕府(ばくふ)ばくふshogunate, military government 幕末(ばくまつ)ばくまつend of the Edo period, late Tokugawa era 馬車道(ばしゃみち)ばしゃみちcarriage road; horse-drawn carriage route 蛮族(ばんぞく)ばんぞくbarbarian tribe; barbarians 引(ひ)き揚(あ)げ者(しゃ)ひきあげしゃrepatriate; person evacuated home from overseas 不戦条約(ふせんじょうやく)ふせんじょうやくnon-aggression pact; anti-war treaty 武具(ぶぐ)ぶぐarms and armor; weapons and military equipment 武家(ぶけ)ぶけsamurai family, warrior class 武家屋敷(ぶけやしき)ぶけやしきsamurai residence 武芸(ぶげい)ぶげいmartial arts, military arts 武士(ぶし)ぶしsamurai; warrior 武将(ぶしょう)ぶしょうmilitary commander, general 武勇(ぶゆう)ぶゆうbravery in battle; martial valor 文明開化(ぶんめいかいか)ぶんめいかいかcivilization and enlightenment; Meiji-era Westernization 兵営(へいえい)へいえいbarracks; military quarters 平氏(へいし)へいしthe Taira clan; the Heishi 平定(へいてい)へいていsuppression; pacification; subjugation 兵馬(へいば)へいばtroops and horses; military forces 兵法(へいほう)へいほうmilitary strategy; art of war; tactics 封建制(ほうけんせい)ほうけんせいfeudalism; feudal system 奉公人ほうこうにんservant; live-in apprentice 矛(ほこ)ほこspear; halberd; pike 捕虜(ほりょ)ほりょprisoner of war; captive 本丸(ほんまる)ほんまるmain enclosure of a castle; castle keep area 暴政(ぼうせい)ぼうせいtyranny; despotic rule; oppressive government 没落(ぼつらく)ぼつらくdownfall; ruin; decline

末期(まっき)まっきfinal stage, terminal phase 松尾芭蕉(まつおばしょう)まつおばしょうMatsuo Basho (haiku poet) 万葉集(まんようしゅう)まんようしゅうMan'yōshū; Collection of Ten Thousand Leaves 密偵(みってい)みっていspy; secret agent; informer 都落(みやこお)ちみやこおちfleeing the capital; leaving the city 雅(みやび)みやびelegance; refinement; courtly grace; miyabi 武者(むしゃ)むしゃwarrior; samurai 紫式部(むらさきしきぶ)むらさきしきぶMurasaki Shikibu (author of The Tale of Genji) 明治(めいじ)めいじMeiji era (1868-1912) 明治(めいじ)時代(じだい)めいじじだいMeiji period; Meiji era (1868–1912) 名跡(めいせき)めいせきfamous historic site; celebrated ruins 銘文(めいぶん)めいぶんinscription; engraved text 召使(めしつか)いめしつかいservant

櫓(やぐら)やぐらtower, turret, scaffold 野史(やし)やしunofficial history; privately written history 弥生(やよい)やよいMarch (traditional calendar); Yayoi period 弥生時代(やよいじだい)やよいじだいYayoi period (c. 300 BCE – 300 CE) 有形文化財(ゆうけいぶんかざい)ゆうけいぶんかざいtangible cultural property 遊女(ゆうじょ)ゆうじょcourtesan; prostitute ゆかりゆかりconnection, affiliation

離宮(りきゅう)りきゅうdetached palace; imperial villa 歴史(れきし)れきしhistory 歴史的(れきしてき)れきしてきhistorical, historic 歴史(れきし)を紐解(ひもと)くれきしをひもとくto look back at history; to delve into history; to explore the past 列強(れっきょう)れっきょうgreat powers, major nations 連歌(れんが)れんがlinked verse; collaborative poetry