1.
general counter (1-9)
A native Japanese counter that can be used for various objects, especially when the specific counter is unknown. Only used for numbers 1-9.
つ is the most versatile Japanese counter. It uses native Japanese (やまとことば) numbers and can count almost anything when you don't know the specific counter. It only works for numbers 1-9.
Counting patterns
Limitations
- No form for 10 or above. For 10, use 十. For higher numbers, use specific counters or the Chinese-derived number system.
- Cannot count people (use 人) or long thin objects (use 本).
- For small discrete objects, 個 is the common alternative and has no upper limit.
Asking how many
Use 幾つ (how many?) to ask for a count in this series. The same word asks a small child's age.
Age of young children
つ also counts years of age up to nine: 三つの子 means "a three-year-old child." From ten on, use 歳.
Usage
This is the safest counter to use when unsure which specific counter applies. It sounds natural for small objects, abstract things, and items on a list.