はず
はず
noun
should be, supposed to
1.
should be, ought to be, supposed to
Indicates expectation based on reasoning or evidence.
彼は来るはずだ。
He should come. / He's supposed to come.
ここにあるはずなのに。
It should be here (but it isn't).
知っているはずがない。
There's no way they know.
電車はもう着いているはずです。
The train should have arrived by now.
彼女なら上手にできるはずだと思っていたが、予想以上の出来だった。
I thought she should be able to do it well, but the result exceeded my expectations.
はず expresses logical expectation - what should be true based on reasoning or evidence. It's grammatically a noun.
GRAMMAR PATTERNS:
- Verb (plain) + はず: 来るはずだ (should come)
- い-adj + はず: 高いはずだ (should be expensive)
- な-adj + な + はず: 静かなはずだ (should be quiet)
- Noun + の + はず: 学生のはずだ (should be a student)
COMMON EXPRESSIONS:
- ～はずだ: should be ~, is supposed to ~
- ～はずがない: there's no way that ~
- ～はずだったのに: was supposed to ~, but...
DISTINCTION:
- はず: logical expectation (based on evidence/reasoning)
- べき: moral obligation (should do, ought to)
- はずがない expresses strong disbelief, not just negation