()(どく)

きのどく
na-adjective
pitiful, unfortunate, regrettable
1. pitiful, unfortunate
Deserving of sympathy; in an unfortunate situation.
()(どく)(はなし)だ。
It's a pitiful story.
()(どく)に。
I'm sorry to hear that. / My condolences.
Expression of sympathy
病気(びょうき)旅行(りょこう)()けなくなって、()(どく)(おも)う。
I feel sorry that they can't go on the trip because of illness.
(なが)(あいだ)入院(にゅういん)している友人(ゆうじん)のことを()(どく)(おも)い、お見舞(みま)いに()った。
Feeling sorry for my friend who had been in the hospital for a long time, I went to visit.
2. sorry, regrettable
Expressing regret for inconveniencing someone.
(かれ)()たせて()(どく)だった。
I felt bad for making him wait.
(いそが)しい(とき)にお(ねが)いして、()(どく)だと(おも)っています。
I feel bad for asking when you're busy.

()(どく) expresses sympathy for someone's misfortune or regret for causing inconvenience.

FORMS:

  • ()(どく)な + noun (pitiful ~)
  • 〜が()(どく)だ (feel sorry for ~)
  • ()(どく)に (expression: I'm sorry, my condolences)

USAGE:

  • Sense 1: Expressing sympathy for someone's situation
  • Sense 2: Feeling bad for troubling someone
  • More formal/polite than かわいそう

COMMON EXPRESSIONS:

  • ()(どく)(さま)です/でした (formal condolences)
  • ()(どく)(おも)う (to feel sorry for)

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • かわいそう: pitiful (more casual)
  • (もう)(わけ)ない: sorry for the inconvenience