(くる)しい

くるしい
i-adjective
painful, difficult, hard
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present(くる)しい(くる)しくない
Past(くる)しかった(くる)しくなかった
て form(くる)しくて(くる)しくなくて
Adverbial(くる)しく
Conditional ば(くる)しければ(くる)しくなければ
Conditional たら(くる)しかったら(くる)しくなかったら
1. painful, agonizing
Causing physical or emotional pain or discomfort.
(いき)(くる)しい。
I'm having trouble breathing.
(むね)(くる)しくなった
My chest started feeling tight.
The parting was so painful that I couldn't stop crying.
2. difficult, hard, tight
Being in a difficult situation, especially financially.
生活(せいかつ)(くる)しい。
Life is hard (financially).
The company's management is struggling.
Things are tight now, but they'll ease up next month.
3. strained, far-fetched
Unconvincing or hard to justify.
(くる)しい()(わけ)
That's a weak excuse.
その説明(せつめい)(くる)しい。
That explanation is far-fetched.
His argument is on shaky ground. No matter how you look at it, there are issues.

(くる)しい expresses pain, difficulty, or distress.

FORMS:

  • (くる)しい (dictionary form)
  • (くる)しく (adverb: painfully)
  • (くる)しさ (noun: pain, difficulty)
  • (くる)しがる (to show signs of pain)

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • (いき)(くる)しい (hard to breathe)
  • 生活(せいかつ)(くる)しい (life is hard financially)
  • (くる)しい立場(たちば) (difficult position)

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • (くる)しい: painful, distressing
  • (つら)い: hard, tough (emotionally)
  • (いた)い: painful (physical)
  • (むずか)しい: difficult (intellectually)