これら
これら
pronoun
these
1.
these
The plural form of これ, referring to multiple things near the speaker.
これらの本
These books.
これらは全部私のです。
These are all mine.
これらの中から一つ選んでください。
Please choose one from these.
これらの料理は全部母が作ったものです。
These dishes were all made by my mother.
これらの本は図書館から借りたものなので、来週までに返さなければなりません。
These books were borrowed from the library, so I have to return them by next week.
これら is the plural form of これ (this), meaning "these." It is more formal and explicit about plurality than これ alone.
DEMONSTRATIVE PLURALS:
- これら: these (near speaker)
- それら: those (near listener)
- あれら: those (far from both)
GRAMMAR:
- これらの + noun: these ~
- これらは: these (as subject)
- これらを: these (as object)
REGISTER:
これら is more common in writing, presentations, and formal speech. In casual conversation, これ is typically used even when referring to multiple items. Academic papers and news frequently use これら.
NOTE:
Japanese does not normally mark plurals explicitly. これら is used when the speaker wants to clearly indicate multiple items.