1.
manufacture, production
The process of making or manufacturing physical products, especially on an industrial scale.
この工場では自動車の部品を製作している。
This factory manufactures automobile parts.
特注で家具を製作してもらった。
I had furniture custom-made.
特注 = custom order
製作費用が予算を超えてしまった。
The manufacturing costs exceeded the budget.
製作 refers to manufacturing or producing physical goods. It emphasizes the industrial or craftsman process of making things.
HOMOPHONE:
- 制作: production of creative/artistic works (films, art, music)
DISTINCTION:
- 製作: physical products (machines, furniture, goods)
- 制作: creative works (films, TV programs, artwork)
Note: In film credits, 製作 often refers to the executive producer/financing side, while 制作 refers to the creative production side.
COMMON COMPOUNDS:
- 製作所/製作工場: manufacturing plant
- 製作者: manufacturer, producer
- 製作費: manufacturing costs