アドリブ
あどりぶ
noun, na-adjective
ad-lib; improvisation
1.
ad-lib; improvisation
Speaking or performing spontaneously without preparation or a script. Common in music, comedy, and acting.
このシーンはアドリブで演じた。
This scene was performed ad-lib.
ジャズはアドリブが重要だ。
Improvisation is important in jazz.
彼はアドリブが得意だ。
He's good at improvising.
アドリブ refers to spontaneous, unscripted performance or speech. Borrowed from Latin "ad libitum" (at pleasure), via English.
COMMON PATTERNS:
- アドリブで演じる: to perform ad-lib
- アドリブが利く: to be good at improvising
- アドリブを入れる: to throw in an ad-lib
- アドリブ演奏: improvised performance
USAGE:
Most commonly heard in entertainment contexts: jazz improvisation, comedy (漫才, variety shows), theater, and film. Also used more broadly for any unscripted speaking, such as presentations or interviews. As a な-adjective: アドリブな対応 (an improvised response).
CONTRAST:
- 即興: improvisation (more formal/literary, used in music and art)
- 台本なし: without a script (descriptive phrase)