侵食(しんしょく)

しんしょく
noun
erosion; encroachment
natureabstract
1. erosion
The gradual wearing away of rock, soil, or land by natural forces such as water, wind, or ice.
海岸(かいがん)が侵食(しんしょく)されている。
The coastline is being eroded.
The terrain changed due to years of erosion from wind and rain.
The gorge was formed by the erosive action of the river.
2. encroachment, erosion (figurative)
The gradual intrusion into or wearing away of someone's territory, rights, market share, or similar abstract domains.
シェアを侵食(しんしょく)される。
To have one's market share eroded.
Privacy is gradually being encroached upon.
New technology is eroding the existing market.

Usage

Used as a する verb: 侵食(しんしょく)する. Both literal (geological) and figurative uses are common. The passive form 侵食(しんしょく)される (to be eroded) is very frequent.

Etymology

侵(しん) (to invade) + 食(しょく) (to eat/consume). The image of something gradually being eaten away.

Common collocations

Writing

  • Geography texts also write 浸食(しんしょく) (浸(しん), to soak) for erosion by water; 侵食(しんしょく) is the general spelling and the only one for the figurative sense.