(ひょうがき)

ひょうがき
noun
ice age
1. ice age, glacial period
A geological period characterized by widespread glaciation and cold temperatures. Also used figuratively in Japanese to describe an extremely difficult period for job seekers, known as the 'employment ice age.'
地球(ちきゅう)過去(かこ)何度(なんど)氷河期(ひょうがき)経験(けいけん)している。
The Earth has experienced multiple ice ages in the past.
就職(しゅうしょく)氷河期(ひょうがき)世代(せだい)(きび)しい雇用(こよう)環境(かんきょう)(なか)社会(しゃかい)()た。
The employment ice age generation entered society amid harsh employment conditions.
氷河期(ひょうがき)には海面(かいめん)大幅(おおはば)低下(ていか)し、陸地(りくち)(ひろ)がっていた。
During the ice age, sea levels dropped significantly and land areas expanded.

USAGE:
While the literal geological meaning exists, the figurative use 就職(しゅうしょく)氷河期(ひょうがき) (employment ice age) is extremely common and culturally significant in Japan. It refers to the severe job market during the economic stagnation from the mid-1990s to early 2000s. The generation that graduated during this period is called the 氷河期(ひょうがき)世代(せだい) (ice age generation), and their employment difficulties remain a social issue.

COMMON COLLOCATIONS:

  • 就職(しゅうしょく)氷河期(ひょうがき): employment ice age
  • 氷河期(ひょうがき)世代(せだい): ice age generation
  • 氷河期(ひょうがき)(はい)る: to enter an ice age
  • 最後(さいご)氷河期(ひょうがき): the last ice age