並ぶ
ならぶ
verb (godan)
to line up
自動詞 intransitiveaction
Conjugation
| Affirmative | Negative | |
|---|---|---|
| Present | 並ぶ | 並ばない |
| Present polite | 並びます | 並びません |
| Past | 並んだ | 並ばなかった |
| Past polite | 並びました | 並びませんでした |
| て form | 並んで | 並ばなくて |
| ている present | 並んでいる | 並んでいない |
| ている polite | 並んでいます | 並んでいません |
| ている past | 並んでいた | 並んでいなかった |
| ている past polite | 並んでいました | 並んでいませんでした |
| Conditional ば | 並べば | 並ばなければ |
| Conditional たら | 並んだら | 並ばなかったら |
| Volitional | 並ぼう | — |
| Volitional polite | 並びましょう | — |
| Potential | 並べる | 並べない |
| Passive | 並ばれる | 並ばれない |
| Causative | 並ばせる | 並ばせない |
| Imperative | 並べ | 並ぶな |
1.
to line up, to queue
To form a line, or to sit or stand in a row. Intransitive - the people or things themselves are what line up, marked with が. The transitive pair is 並べる (naraberu), used when someone arranges the things.
There was a long line in front of the shop, and everyone was waiting in line.
Transitivity: 自動詞 (intransitive). Pair: 並べる (transitive). Pattern: Xが並ぶ (X lines up).
Aspect: ている indicates resulting state. 並んでいる = 'is lined up' (in a line currently).
Common patterns
Contrast with the pair: the subject of 並ぶ is the thing in the line, while the subject of 並べる is the person doing the arranging. 本が並んでいる = the books are in a row; 本を並べる = someone lines the books up.
Usage: queuing is a strong social norm in Japan, so 並ぶ turns up constantly in everyday instructions and signs - at station platforms, shop entrances, and ticket counters.