()

うむ
verb (godan)
to give birth, to produce
1. to give birth, to bear
To bring forth offspring.
子供(こども)()む。
To give birth to a child.
(たまご)()む。
To lay eggs.
彼女(かのじょ)去年(きょねん)双子(ふたご)()んだ。
She gave birth to twins last year.
2. to produce, to create
To bring something into existence.
(あたら)しいアイデアを()む。
To produce new ideas.
努力(どりょく)成功(せいこう)()む。
Effort produces success.
この地域(ちいき)(おお)くの芸術家(げいじゅつか)()んできた。
This region has produced many artists.

()む means to give birth or produce something new.

TRANSITIVITY:

  • Type: 他動詞(たどうし) (transitive)
  • Takes を particle: 子供(こども)()
  • Intransitive pair: ()まれる (to be born)

ASPECT (ている):
()んでいる can mean "is giving birth" (in progress) or "has given birth" (resultant state, less common).

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • 子供(こども)()む: to give birth to a child
  • (たまご)()む: to lay eggs
  • 利益(りえき)()む: to generate profit (figurative)
  • アイデアを()む: to produce ideas

KANJI VARIANTS:

  • ()む: give birth, produce (standard)
  • ()む: give birth (less common variant)

RELATED:

  • 出産(しゅっさん): childbirth
  • ()まれる: to be born