(くろう)

くろう
noun / suru-verb
hardship, trouble, difficulty
1. hardship, trouble, suffering
Difficulty or suffering endured through life's challenges.
苦労(くろう)して成功(せいこう)した。
I succeeded through hardship.
子育(こそだ)ての苦労(くろう)
The difficulties of raising children.
(おや)苦労(くろう)()かるようになった。
I've come to understand my parents' hardships.
2. effort, pains, labor
The effort put into achieving something.
苦労(くろう)さまでした。
Thank you for your hard work.
[Note: Polite expression of appreciation]
苦労(くろう)をかけてすみません。
I'm sorry to cause you trouble.
長年(ながねん)苦労(くろう)(むく)われて、やっと自分(じぶん)(みせ)(ひら)くことができた。
My years of hard work were rewarded, and I was finally able to open my own shop.

苦労(くろう) expresses hardship and effort.

COMMON PATTERNS:

  • 苦労(くろう)する (to have difficulty, to struggle)
  • 苦労(くろう)をかける (to cause trouble for someone)
  • 苦労(くろう)()えない (hardships never end)
  • 苦労(くろう)(むく)われる (efforts are rewarded)

SET EXPRESSIONS:

  • 苦労(くろう)さま(です) (thank you for your effort)
  • 苦労(くろう)(にん)/苦労(くろう)(しょう) (someone who has known hardship)
  • 苦労(くろう)(ばなし) (tales of hardship)

SIMILAR WORDS:

  • 苦労(くろう): hardship (often life difficulties)
  • 努力(どりょく): effort (more positive, self-motivated)
  • ()しむ: to suffer (verb)

Related Words