1.
seasoning, condiment
Substances added to food to enhance or modify its flavor, such as salt, soy sauce, or sugar.
The basic seasonings are 'sa-shi-su-se-so'.
Mnemonic for sugar, salt, vinegar, soy sauce, miso
The traditional Japanese seasoning order 「さしすせそ」:
This order is based on molecule size and how flavors penetrate food. Sugar's larger molecules need more time to absorb.