咎(とが)める

とがめる
verb (ichidan)
to blame; to reproach; to question
他動詞 transitiveformalliteraryaction
Conjugation
AffirmativeNegative
Present咎(とが)める咎(とが)めない
Present polite咎(とが)めます咎(とが)めません
Past咎(とが)めた咎(とが)めなかった
Past polite咎(とが)めました咎(とが)めませんでした
て form咎(とが)めて咎(とが)めなくて
ている present咎(とが)めている咎(とが)めていない
ている polite咎(とが)めています咎(とが)めていません
ている past咎(とが)めていた咎(とが)めていなかった
ている past polite咎(とが)めていました咎(とが)めていませんでした
Conditional ば咎(とが)めれば咎(とが)めなければ
Conditional たら咎(とが)めたら咎(とが)めなかったら
Volitional咎(とが)めよう—
Volitional polite咎(とが)めましょう—
Potential咎(とが)められる咎(とが)められない
Passive咎(とが)められる咎(とが)められない
Causative咎(とが)めさせる咎(とが)めさせない
Imperative咎(とが)めろ咎(とが)めるな
1. to blame; to reproach; to find fault with
To criticize someone for their wrongdoing or mistake.
良心(りょうしん)が咎(とが)める。
My conscience bothers me.
Common idiomatic expression
I reproached him for his behavior.
My conscience nags me for having told a lie.
I was reproached for being late and couldn't say anything.
2. to question; to challenge
To question someone's actions or identity, often in a suspicious manner.
警備員(けいびいん)に咎(とが)められた。
I was questioned by the security guard.
There was a suspicious person, so I challenged them with 'What are you doing?'
She stared at her son who came home late at night in a reproachful way.

咎(とが)める is a somewhat literary/formal verb with two main uses: reproaching someone for wrongdoing, and questioning someone's actions or identity.

Transitivity

Common patterns

  • 良心(りょうしん)が咎(とが)める: one's conscience bothers one (very common idiom)
  • 〜を咎(とが)める: to blame/reproach someone for ~
  • 〜に咎(とが)められる: to be questioned/challenged by ~

ASPECT (ている):
咎(とが)めている describes an ongoing state of reproach or nagging guilt.

Related words

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More literary than 責(せ)める. Often seen in written language and formal contexts.